To some extent, programmers can simulate emotional responses in robots. From AI-powered chatbot assistants to humanoid robots like Sophia, which can engage in emotionally nuanced conversations, machines are becoming adept at mimicking human-like emotions. However, the critical question remains: Can they ever genuinely experience sensory perceptions such as touch?
The Rise of Automation in Industrial Applications
Industries are increasingly adopting automation to enhance productivity in supply chain operations. Industrial robots are deployed in assembly lines for tasks requiring high precision, repeatability, and speed—especially those beyond human capability. These machines excel in performing dull, dirty, and dangerous (DDD) jobs, allowing human workers to focus on more complex responsibilities.
Despite advancements, certain warehouse and assembly tasks still demand human dexterity and tactile sensitivity. While collaborative robots (cobots) have gained prominence in the last decade—providing safer human-robot interaction—they still lack the finesse required for handling delicate items.
The Challenge of Handling Fragile Goods
In e-commerce fulfillment centers, perishable goods like groceries and fragile items such as glass bottles require careful handling to ensure they reach customers undamaged. Humans naturally adjust their grip strength and movement based on an object’s properties—handling an egg, for instance, requires a different approach than lifting a packaged product.
Traditionally, engineers equip pick-and-place robots with silicone grippers, integrating computer vision and force sensors to handle delicate objects. However, these systems are often pre-programmed for specific items, requiring recalibration when product variations arise.
Breakthroughs in Robotic Tactile Sensing
Hank: The Tactile Robot
Developed by Cambridge Consultants, Hank is a robotic system designed to emulate human touch. It utilizes soft grippers with embedded tactile sensors, controlled via pneumatic actuation. Each finger operates independently, adjusting grip force based on real-time force feedback.
Hank’s adaptive grasping mechanism allows it to handle small, irregular, and fragile items without reprogramming. If slippage is detected, the robot increases grip force to prevent breakage, demonstrating human-like tactile sensitivity.
Wootzkin: Electronic Skin for Robots
Startup Wootzano has developed e-skin (electronic skin) embedded with piezoelectric and piezoresistive sensors, along with temperature and humidity sensors. This technology provides robots with real-time feedback on pressure, force, and environmental conditions, enabling them to manipulate objects with precision akin to human hands.
The Future of Robotic Dexterity
While robots may never experience sensations the way humans do, advancements in tactile robotics are bridging the gap. Innovations like Hank and Wootzkin enhance automated assembly lines and warehouse operations, ensuring efficiency without compromising on delicate handling requirements.
Conclusion
The integration of AI, machine learning, and advanced tactile sensors is revolutionizing robotics, allowing machines to perform tasks once deemed exclusive to human workers. As technology progresses, we may see even more sophisticated human-robot collaboration, reshaping industries that rely on precision and adaptability.
